Polish authorities working with Europol have busted a major organised crime group responsible for forging over 12,000 official documents.
The group, which operated mainly in Poland and Ukraine, facilitated illegal immigration across multiple EU member states using fake documents including passports, visas and residency permits.
Crackdown on Document Forgery
The investigation, which began in 2020, led to the seizure of more than 12,000 counterfeit documents, €250,000 in secured funds, and the arrest of 42 suspects. The group forged a variety of official documents, including residence permits, driving licences, passports, visas, and ID cards. These forged documents were then used to smuggle individuals into the EU.
The most recent crackdown took place on December 3rd and 4th 2024 in Poland. During these operations, authorities arrested seven suspects and searched four locations. Electronic devices, bank credit cards, and a large number of forged documents were confiscated. Investigators also discovered that the criminals had been advertising these forged documents on social media platforms.
Online Operations and Smuggling Routes
The suspects used social media and websites to advertise the sale of forged documents under the guise of legal assistance. Individuals seeking these documents were charged €1,500 each and were directed to a customer service centre, where they were given information on the process, costs, and payment requirements. Once completed, the forged documents were sent via postal services or personally delivered by gang members.
Authorities believe that the criminal group smuggled thousands of individuals into various EU countries, including Czech Republic, Germany, Romania, and Poland. Additionally, the suspects are accused of laundering nearly €4 million through their illegal activities.
Europol’s Role in the Investigation
Throughout the three-year investigation, Europol coordinated information exchanges with Polish authorities and provided expertise on the ground during key operations. Europol stated that the most dangerous organised crime groups carry out complex money laundering schemes to conceal their illegal profits. To tackle these top criminals successfully, Europol is putting more focus on investigating High Value Targets, financial investigations, and asset recovery, as done in this case.
Poland’s Role in EU Security Measures
Poland currently holds the Presidency of the Council of the EU from January to June 2025. During this period, it has prioritised efforts to counter migrant smuggling, tackle drug trafficking, and monitor weapons smuggling from Ukraine. The country is also focusing on improving cooperation between law enforcement agencies across the EU. These initiatives align with broader EU security objectives aimed at addressing organised crime and strengthening border controls.
Ireland’s Experience With Fake Document Smuggling
The issue of forged documents has been observed closer to home in Ireland.
In 2022, an exclusive Gript report revealed that an asylum seeker had entered Ireland from Spain using a fake Bulgarian passport purchased for €4,000.
The individual, who originally entered the Schengen Zone on a visa, opted to travel to Ireland instead of remaining in Spain, citing difficulties with language and accommodation.