As is often the case, one of the greatest public transport innovations of our era has come not from the policymaking genius of government, but from young entrepreneurs out to make a buck.
In 2009, at the ripe old age of 31, Canadian businessman Garrett Camp came up with the idea of the Uber App: Connecting would-be passengers with private citizens who wanted to earn a few quid by driving people here and there on the side. The pricing for this service was based on the old-fashioned but eternal idea of supply and demand, meaning that transport would be more expensive at peak times and less expensive the more drivers were in the market.