Ireland’s public corporations had liabilities of almost €178.5 billion at the end of 2025, according to new figures published by the Central Statistics Office (CSO).
In a release published this week, the CSO said that 26 public corporations passed the EU reporting threshold for liabilities, with the combined total reaching €178,477 million, or 32% of Ireland’s GDP.
The CSO said the liabilities are classed as “contingent liabilities” under EU rules. This means they are seen as potential obligations for the State under certain conditions, but are not currently counted as part of Ireland’s official national debt.
“These liabilities will only materialise as actual government liabilities if specific conditions prevail and therefore they are not included in the general government accounts,” the CSO said.
The figures relate to government-controlled bodies which are classified outside the general government sector because they operate as commercial or market entities.
According to the CSO, 25 of the entities were controlled by central government, while one was controlled by local government.
The office also said that €1.452 billion of the liabilities were owed directly to government through payments such as tax and social welfare obligations.
Under EU rules, public corporations must be reported once their liabilities go above 0.01% of GDP. Based on Ireland’s 2024 GDP figure of €562.794 billion, this meant entities with liabilities above €56.279 million were included.
The CSO said all EU member states are legally required to provide the data to Eurostat under transparency rules introduced after the financial crisis.
It also said several points should be kept in mind when looking at the figures.
“The data collection refers to liabilities only and does not include assets,” the CSO stated.
The office also noted that the figures are consolidated within company groups, meaning money owed between entities in the same group is not included in the total.
The liabilities are based on the latest annual financial statements available for the corporations listed in the October 2025 Register of Public Sector Bodies.
The next update of the figures is due in December 2026 and will be included in a later CSO publication in 2027.
Under EU rules introduced in 2011, member states are required to publish information on liabilities that could potentially affect public finances in the future.
The CSO said the reporting system is designed to give “a more comprehensive picture” of countries’ financial positions and debt sustainability.
Public corporations included in the figures are government-controlled organisations operating on a commercial basis outside the general government sector.
Any public corporations classified within general government are already included in the State’s official debt figures, according to the CSO.